In GNU/Linux systems, "niceness" is used to define the CPU priority of a process. Essentially, it is the opposite of priority. So the nicer a process is, the less priority it has and vice versa. It is useful to adjust the niceness of a process, for example, when a non-important program is hindering CPU performance. By default, all processes have a niceness of 0. The niceness scale goes from -20 to 19. As a non-root user, you can only increase niceness of processes you own. Root privileges are......